The Yokuts led by Estanislao is a custom civilization mod by RawSasquatch, with contributions from DarthKyofu, PorkBean, and Sukritact.
This mod requires Brave New World.
Overview[]
Yokuts[]
The Yokuts (previously known as Mariposas) are an ethnic group of Native Americans native to central California. Before European contact, the Yokuts consisted of up to 60 tribes speaking several related languages. Some of their descendants prefer to refer to themselves by their respective tribal names; they reject the term Yokuts, saying that it is an exonym invented by English-speaking settlers and historians. Conventional sub-groupings include the Foothill Yokuts, Northern Valley Yokuts, and Southern Valley Yokuts. Yokuts tribes populated the San Joaquin Valley, from the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta ("the delta") south to Bakersfield and the adjacent foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, which lies to the east. In the northern half of the Yokuts region, some tribes inhabited the foothills of the Coast Range to the west. There is evidence of Yokuts inhabiting the Carrizo Plain and creating rock art in the Painted Rock area.
Estimates for the pre-contact populations of most native groups in California have varied substantially. Alfred L. Kroeber in 1925 put the 1770 population of the Yokuts at 18,000. Several subsequent investigators suggested that the total should be substantially higher. Robert F. Heizer and Albert B. Elsasser in 1980 suggested that the Yokuts had numbered about 70,000. They had one of the highest regional population densities in pre-contact North America.
The 1850s were a devastating time for California Indians due to the incursion of European-American settlers into their homelands, who enslaved or killed the natives in great number. The federal government, which had recently acquired California after defeating Mexico in the Mexican War, signed a treaty (one of eighteen such treaties signed state-wide, setting aside seven and a half percent of California's land area) defining a proposed reservation and two hundred head of cattle per year. The US Senate failed to ratify any of the eighteen treaties in a secret vote cast on July 8, 1852, with every member either abstaining or voting no. The result of the vote was not made public until 1905. The newly organized state government took a different approach. In 1851, California Governor Peter Burnett said that unless the Indians were moved east of the Sierras, ‘a war of extermination would continue to be waged until the Indian race should become extinct.'
Over the course of the next 50 years, settlers and eventually the California State Militia would wage war on the Yokuts and other native tribes in what became known as the Californian Genocide. The Yokuts were reduced by around 93% between 1850 and 1900, with many of the survivors being forced into indentured servitude sanctioned by the California State Act for the Government and Protection of Indians. A few Valley Yokuts remain, the most prominent tribe among them being the Tachi. Kroeber estimated the population of the Yokuts in 1910 as 600. Today about 2000 Yokuts are enrolled in the federally recognized tribe. An estimated 600 Yokuts are said to belong to unrecognized tribes.
Estanislao[]
Estanislao was an indigenous alcalde of Mission San José and a member and leader of the Lakisamni tribe of the Yokuts people of northern California. He is famous for leading bands of armed Native Americans in revolt against the Mexican government and Mission establishments. Estanislao was born with the Yokuts name Cucunuchi in 1798 on the banks of the Río de Laquisimes (present-day Stanislaus River). According to records at Mission San José, mission padres visited the Laquisimes area in 1821 and insisted that Cucunuchi return to the mission along with his wife, daughter, and mother to receive a formal Christian education. His younger brother Canocee had already visited the mission in 1820 and been baptized with the name "Orencio". Cucunuchi and his family journeyed to the mission on September 24, 1821, but his father did not go. He was soon baptized with the name "Estanislao" (Spanish for Stanislaus) after his arrival at Mission San José. Estanislao was the alcalde of the community before he left the mission with about 400 followers in 1827. Juan Bojorques describes Estanislao in his Recuerdos sobre la historia de California (1887) as "about six feet tall, his skin was more white than bronze, he was very muscular like a horse". Juan Bautista Alvarado also mentions Estanislao's literacy in History of California (1876), he writes: "Estanislao was able to read and write and stood out among the leaders of other Central California Indian tribes."
The group began raiding the Missions San José, Santa Clara, and Santa Cruz and Mexican settlers in the area around the Laquisimes River. Estanislao was joined by Chumash Indians, led by Pacomio, and by Miwok Indians and other Yokuts until at one time his army had 4,000 men. Estanislao educated his men in battle techniques he had learned from Spanish and Mexican soldiers. These techniques, including trenches, palisades, and an early form of guerilla warfare were essential to initial success on the battlefield. His raids were characterized as sudden, usually involving a trap, and often ending with no loss of life, and he would sometimes use his sword to carve his initial, "S," authenticating his handiwork (Estanislao is therefore thought to have been one of the inspirations for the fictional character Zorro).
The Franciscan friars and Mexican settlers pleaded for help from the Mexican army. Finally, Governor Echeandía called the army into action. Three expeditions from the Presidio of San Francisco and the Presidio of Monterey failed to subdue the band. A fourth, larger force led by General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo finally ousted Estanislao and his people from the Laquisimas River in the Spring of 1829. Commander Ignacio Martínez wrote to Vallejo with orders concerning the rebels, "They are extremely insolent ..., seducing the other [Indians] to accompany them in their evil and diabolical schemes, openly insulting our troops and ridiculing them and their weapons... The objective will be to administer a total defeat to the Indians..., leaving them completely crushed." Both Vallejo and Estanislao were accused of brutality and atrocities by their forces in the battle. During the aftermath of the battle, six Indians were captures, including a man named Matias. Four of them were brutally executed, one of whom died from 73 arrows and a gunshot to the head.
Estanislao returned briefly to the Mission San Jose on May 31, 1829 to ask Father Narciso Duran for forgiveness for his men and himself. Father Duran successfully petitioned Governor José María de Echeandía to pardon Estanislao. The pardon was granted for Estanislao and his men on October 7, 1829. On August 24, 1834, Estanislao returned to the Mission San Jose and prospered there while teaching others the Yokuts language and culture. He remained at the Mission until his death, possibly from smallpox, on July 31, 1838. The Stanislaus River, Stanislaus County, and the failed Mormon settlement Stanislaus City (now Ripon) were named in his honor.
Dawn of Man[]
"Greetings, wise Estanislao, he who united the Yokuts against their foes! Born along the banks of a river the Spaniards named after your tribe but would one day bear your own name, you were pressed to attend the Mission San Jose, to be baptised. While at the mission, you learned many things, such as how to read and write, and of the modern military techniques of Mexican soldiers, but that is not all you learned. You also learned the horrible mistreatments that the padres and soldiers alike perpetrated against your people. You learned of villages massacred, children stolen, and, most vitally, you learned that your people and their way of life would cease to exist if the Mexicans were not driven from your homeland by force. You left the Mission with 400 followers, and your army would at its peak come to number 4,000 Yokuts, Miwok, and Chumash alike. Success after success was yours on the battlefield, and the Mexicans could never pin you down, your raids sudden and decisive. Everywhere you raided, you would carve an 'S', your initial, to prove your presence and taunt the authorities, inspiring legends for centuries to come.
Art by RawSasquatch.
Estanislao, the Yokuts yearn for your unifying presence once more, to strengthen them against those who would seek to poison and destroy them. Will you crush your foes in the hills and valleys? Or can you maintain peace even in the face of foreign encroachment? Can you build a civilization to stand the test of time?"
Introduction: "Welcome to the valley we call home. I am baptised with the name Estanislao. Wherever you may see my initial carved, know that you are within my reach."
Defeat: "I pray for forgiveness, and for the souls lost... I now understand the divine plan."
Unique Attributes[]
The Yokuts (Estanislao)
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 Art by RawSasquatch Non-Mounted units fortified in Rough terrain will automatically construct defensive tile improvements, and Mounted units ignore enemy Zone of Control. Scientist Specialists provide XP to newly-trained units. |
 Art by RawSasquatch
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  Art by RawSasquatch
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City List
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Spy List
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Strategy[]
Music[]
| Peace Theme | War Theme |
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| "Yokuts Traditional Dance Youth Group" | "Apologies", from Tule River Round Dance. |
Mod Support[]
Unique Cultural Influence[]
"Our people are now taking up swords and slashing their initials into things. I worry the rest of the world will soon succumb to the influence of your culture."
Mod Support[]
| Mod Support | |
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Additional Achievements
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Unknown |
| No | |
| Yes | |
| Unknown | |
Ethnic Units/R.E.D.
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No |
| No | |
| Yes | |
Map Labels
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No |
| Yes | |
Unique Cultural Influence
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Yes |
YnAEMP
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No |
Full Credits List[]
| Steam Workshop Downloader | |
| Steam Workshop | |
| Latest Version: | v 1 |
| Last Updated: | 22 Dec 2020 |
- Creator, XML, Art: Sasquatch (AKA Kramer)
- Lua: PorkBean
- Lua: Sukritact
- Lua Help: JFD
- Civ Icon: DarthKyofu
- Trench Artdefs: S-MAN
- Trench pedia: Grant